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ROBOTIC BUILDING MSc (1&)3 2018-19: 100 Years Bauhaus Pavilion


Team / Guests

Henriette Bier | Sina Mostafavi | Alex Liu Cheng | Yu-Chou Chiang | Arwin Hidding | Vera Laszlo / Teun Verkerk (DSC) | Philip Beesley (PBA and UoW) | Aadjan van der Helm (IO-TUD)

Keywords

D2RP / D2RO / D2RA / Bauhaus / Pavilion / Adaptive Environments / Industry 4.0 / Disruptive Technologies

Framework

This semester MSc 3 students engage in the Design-to-Robotic-Production-Assembly and -Operation (D2RPA&O) of the 100 Years Bauhaus Pavilion (100YBP).

Bauhaus envisioned architecture as Gesamtkunstwerk, incorporating all or many art forms. It influenced the 20th century's Modernist architecture, which was based on new technologies of construction, particularly the use of glass, steel, and reinforced concrete; and upon the rejection of traditional neoclassical and Beaux-Art styles of the 19th century.

The 100 years Bauhaus celebration brings about the opportunity to reflect on the influence of new technologies in the 21st century in particular artificial intelligence, robotics, and 3D printing on architecture. The proposed robotically produced structure employs subtractive and additive 3D printing technologies. Furthermore, it embeds artificial intelligence at the level where sensor-actuators such as light dependent resistors, infrared distance sensors, pressure sensors, etc. informing LED lights, speakers, projectors, etc. in order to allow users to customize operation and use of the pavilion. These will allow adaptation of the built environment to variable environmental conditions and changing user needs.

1. Ideological framework

Bauhaus and the Modernist movement embraced technological developed and distanced themselves historical formal languages. Industrial production, new materials (such as concrete) allowed them to develop a new formal language defined by standardized components placed in a orthogonal grid. This studio embraces this ideology of freeing oneself from historical reference and replaces orthogonal grids with adaptive meshes, standard with non-standard components, discrete spaces with continuous spaces (see http://uf.roboticbuilding.eu/index.php/Msc1G3:Page2). Furthermore, in contrast to the low level involvement of users in the Modernist age, the studio introduces a high level user involvement in the process of co-creation and customised operation of space.

Applications of proposed ideological framework is implemented by showcasing a virtual exhibit and lab with interactive projections, embedded interactive light and sound (with behaviours ranging from pleasant light or acoustic patterns to alarming patterns when vandalism is in place).

2. Customization and adaptation

The proposed 100YBP is controlled or monitored by computer-based algorithms, integrated with the Internet of Things (IoT) and its users. Physical and software components are, in this context, deeply intertwined. The static and dynamic modalities of the space involve customization and reconfiguration, which will be achieved by means of D2RPA&O.

Approach

D2RPA&O focuses on the integration of advanced computational design with robotic techniques in order to produce performance-driven architectural formations. This implies that design is directly linked to building production and operation. The studio encourages students to question conventional design processes in order to creatively challenge the interplay between contemporary culture, science, and technology, and their relation to architecture.

D2RP links design to materialisation by integrating all (from functional and formal to structural) requirements in the design of building components, while D2RO integrates robotic devices into building components in order to facilitate spatial and climatic reconfiguration. Together they establish the framework for robotic production and operation at building scale. The main consideration is that in architecture and building construction the factory of the future will employ building materials and components that can be robotically processed and assembled. Thus D2RP&O processes incorporate material properties in design, control all aspects of the processes numerically, and utilise parametric design principles that can be linked to the robotic production. furthermore, D2RA complements and completes the D2RP&O process by introducing componential and assembly logic.